Why You Should Always Compare APR, Not Just Interest Rates
When shopping for a loan, lenders will often advertise their lowest interest rates. But the interest rate only tells you the cost of the principal. The APR (Annual Percentage Rate) tells you the true cost of the entire loan.
What is Included in APR?
APR includes the interest rate plus other upfront costs and recurring fees:
- Origination Fees: The cost to process the loan application.
- Points: Prepaid interest you can pay to lower your rate.
- Closing Costs: Appraisal fees, title insurance, and other closing expenses.
- PMI (Private Mortgage Insurance): If your down payment is less than 20%.
Fixed-Rate vs. Variable-Rate APR
The type of APR you choose can have a huge impact on your total cost:
- Fixed APR: The rate stays the same for the entire life of the loan. This is best for long-term loans like mortgages.
- Variable APR: The rate can change based on the market (e.g., the Prime Rate). This is common for credit cards and some personal loans.
Truth in Lending Act (TILA)
In the United States, the Truth in Lending Act (TILA) requires lenders to disclose the APR clearly on all loan documents. This ensures you can compare loans side-by-side using the same metric.